Pump



Dec. 16, 1941.

J. F. MALSBARY ET AL PUMP Original Filed Feb. 10, 1939 v AT ORNEYSPatented Dec. 16, 194

Job F. Malsbary and Walter W. Taylor, Oakland, Calif.

Original application February 10, 1939, Serial No.

13 Claims.

This application embodies divisional subject matter taken from ourcopending application, Serial Number 255,636, filed February 10th,'1939, for Pumps.V

Our pump is particularly intended for use in connection with cleaningmachines for motor vehicles or the like inwhich a liquid compound ispumped in a dilute form, which may be one pound of cleansing material toflfty gallons of water, usually under high pressure, .through a heatingcoil and a nozzle from which the compound is ejected in the form of aspray which may be of different characteristics depending upon theresults desired and suitable adjustment of various contributing factors.

Heretofore it has been customary to mix the various liquids withdifferent materials that form -Y the compound before they pass throughone single intake valve of the pump, either in, a mixing tank or byfeeding from different sources of supply into a common conduit leadingto the intake valve of the pump.

Certain compounds, desirable for use in connection With apparatus ofthetype, When thus mixed to a dilute condition prior to their passingVthrough the inlet valve, have a gumming eifect created on the surfaceof the valve and seat which `tends to seal shut the intake valve,thereby rendering the pump ineffective or inoperative because the vacuumcreated on the suction stroke of the pump is insufficient to pull thevalve free from its seat.

This effect is not so noticeable in connection with the deliveryvalvebecause the high Vpressure available in the pump renders thisfactor negligible. The vacuum formed by liquid pump suction is a maximumof 14.7 pounds per square inch to act on the valve area for openingrthevalve. If the inlet valve does not open, the pump Will not fill withliquid.

Referring to the mixture of Aliquids to be Y pumped out of the pump, itshould be, for practical purposes, diluted to a strength of one Apoundof cleaning compound to fty gallons of Water. It should be understoodthat some of the materials referred to in various supply tanks do notform a gumming substance on the intake .valve seats when pumped.

Certain new improved developments 1in the cleaning compound industry aremade up of materials that clean surfaces very-rapidly and tend Ito makethe cleaning gun operate smoothly and to smother out obnoxious odors ofother cleaning agents. But the method of application has been uncertainand troublesome. Therefore the Divided and this application July 19,1939, Serial No. 285,335 Y herein described method of -use has Vbeendeveloped to -create economical and dependable methods of -using theseproducts.

We have discovered that a more concentrated mixture of say, one pound ofcleaning-compound to ten gallons of Water has a dissolving andsofteningV effect on the materialfthat passes through the inlet valveseats, thereby preventing the valve from sticking to the seat.y

To get this concentrated solution'intoY the pump through the separateintake valvesr and to -make it work satisfactory, we operate asfolvalve.

lows: Y

We provide one separate inlet valve onv the pump for this specialVconcentrated solutionY and a'needle control valve in the'pipelinebetween the concentrated solution tank and the solution inlet valveto the pump. Another tank is to supply Water to the pump Ythroughanother inlet TheA pump will` suck a full cylinder-.of liquid ateachstroke of the plungen Now We Wish to mix some solution in with ltheWater that is going into the pump at each stroke and to make a dilute`mixture Within the pump.

So the needle control valve of the solution'is `opened a predetermineddistance/tofeedin some p of theconcentrate'd liquid. A

Assuming, for instance, that We desire a dilute mixture within the pumpof a strength of one lpound of compound to fifty gallon of Water; the

pump capacity-is fty gallons per hour; the concentrate solution strengthis one pound Vvto ten gallons of water: then by opening the concentratesolution feed and combining ten gallons 'of concentrated solution withforty gallonscof water We have a dilute mixture of a strength ratio ofone pound to fifty gallons o Water Within the i solution intake valve,andAplain Water face of the Water intake valve.A

pump. With this combination of mechanism We'.

have a concentrated solut1onV on the seat' ofV the o nthe Plain Waterdoes not make the valve sticky and concentrated solution does not makevit sticky. Therefore We have periect operation of' the inlet ValVeS.

The concentratedv solution has been specified as one pound of materialtoten gallons of Water.

'lnis degree of concentration nas been given for easy demonstration oftheprinclpleand as being -With entirely satisfactory results anduse-through same and effecting a saving in maintenance ex v penses. Itis apparent that the same principle may be applied to a number of pumpsor cylinders placed side by side for convenience or ini-U crease ofcapacity. y

The individual liquids in a concentrate form entering the pump throughindividual valvesand Y entering into the other compounds underconsideration do not have the gumming effect on the seat area of thevalve, and it is thereforepro-` posed, in the present invention, to feedthe inlgliividual liquids separately past the area of the intake valveseats before allowing them to mix.

The mixed liquid when re-circulating through the byepass relief valveWithin vthe pump assembly,V as hereinafter described, Adoes not, come incontact with or pass through the regular intake valve seat area of thepump, because the liquid around the valve seat and valve chamber isself-dissolving or cleaning. l

This method of mixing the individual liquids b has the further advantagethat the individual liquids remain under control of the operator untilthey enter the pump, with the result that themixture and its proportionscan be changed almost immediately, if desired. It also prevents rsettling out or separating o f certain ingredients of; the Acompound asoften happens when; the ingredients, are mixed in a` tank. Since eachtank has its own intake valveleading to the pump.,` the liquids will bepreventedk from iiovving from one tank to another, even if the liquidlevels shouldbe different in thetanks.

Then again it happens,A that, the compounds used in, connection with theapparatus under. discussion, comprise a plurality of constituents, twoof which will only mix With the rest of them after they have first beenmixed .with one another, and it is a further object of our invention,toprovide a pump in which a pluralityof ingredients4 are treated in sucha manner that certain `Sub-groups are irstmixed individually whilepassingv through ,the pump and` that .the subrgroups are compounded.andA intermxed after passingv through therpump..

other c ases again, as in orchard sprays, it happens that certainsolutions do no t remain mixedon `account of different specificgravities,

, or that it is desiredto pump smalllamounts of a solution into theWater line for spraying trees.

In, certain compounds someI of the ingredients are harmful to certainparts of the pump, as for instance, the packing in adouble-action pump,

V Whereas others may be beneficial, and it is a still further object ofour invention to provide means for permitting such ingredients tov passthrough the pumps in different and separate paths, whereby the harmfulingredients are kept from contact with sensitive" parts of the pump andbeneficial ingredients are made available forfsu'ch parts, as lubricant,'for instance.

' It is further'proposed' to combine with' the features set forth, meansfor re-circuliating a part orali ofthe rcompound throughfthe pump, as

a pressure relief means or Yduring idling periods;-or-for thepurposelof-l more thoroughly-mix-- ing the ingredients. When the liquidis thus re-circulated and none is withdrawn into the system, it preventsany further intake from any of the supply tanks, and the re-circulatedliquid is prevented from mixing with or back-fiowing into the supplytanks.

Further objects and advantages of our invention 'will appear as thespecication proceeds and the novel features thereof will be set forth inthe claims hereto appended.

The preferred form of our invention is illus -trated in the accompanyingdrawing, forming invention.

Referring to the drawing in detail, we provide a pump 40 in which thepiston 4'I divides the pump housing into two suction and compressionchambers 42 and 43 and is actuated for reciprocating motion by arectilinearly moving rod 44 passing through a, packing 45. It will benoted that only one of the chambers has a packing While the end of theother chamber is closed.

In this apparatus five different tanks 45-50 or other sources of supplyare shown as containing, by Way of example, a light soap solution, acaustic solution, kerosene, emulsion and water, all five of which are tobe mixed in the nnal spray. But two problems offer themselves; rstly,the caustic soap would be harmful to the packing, Whereas the keroseneservesV as a lubricant and would be rather beneficial; and secondly, thekerosene will not readily mix With the caustic and soap solutions unlessit has first been mixed with the emulsion.

The pumps take care of this situation by causing the kerosene and. theemulsion to rst. mix

and then enter the chamber l4.3 containing the KVpacking andby causingthe caustic and soap solutions to rst mix and then enter the otherorificesl 60 andV Ell. G5A

pump chamber 4,2 containing no packing. Water from thev tank entersfreely through wide --open valves into both of the chambers to insurea-complete-filling of the pump chambers onA each piston stroke. Onleaving the pump chambers both mixtures are brought together and arethoroughly. intermixedy for making the final compound outside the pump.

This i'sA accomplished by the following arrangement: Y

The tanks 46- and 4F!v are connected, through pipes-5| and 52, withinta-ke valves 53 and 54 connecting, through pipes and 55Witha manifold51- which leads to thev pump chamber 42. The pipes 5I and 52are'provided with suitable control valves 58v and 59- andwit-hrestriction The pump chamber 42 discharges, through a delivery valve 62into the pipeG-BWhicn empties tangentiallyv intov a cylindrical mixingchamber 64 having an axial -discharge into the pipe 65 connecting withthe f conduit 66 leading tov theI system in whichv the pressuresa-fety'reliefvalveif. The pipe E5 is provided with an air-dome 69Ihaving Aadrain Uvvalve 19, andthelconduit 65 is controlled by asuitable-valve "H;

ough mixing with the discharge from the Aother `pump and for finaldischarge into .theA conduit 66 as previously described. Y, The twomanifolds 51 and *'18v areV interconnected through a pipe 85 havingv twointake valves 86 and B1 leading to the respective pump 1 chambers, andthe pipe 85 connects, through pipe 88, with the water supply tank '53having a suitable float control, as at 89. 'YA valve 90V controls thepipe 88. Thus water is always available in ample supply for both pumpchambers, the intention being to insure complete filling of the pumpchambers at all times, while at the same time carefully controlling theother ingredients.

The final discharge pipe 65 is connected, through a pressure reliefvalve 9| with a by-pass 92 which leads, through intake valvesn93 and 94to the respective manifolds 51 andl'l and the pump chambers 42 and 43.'Ihe by-passis provided with an air dome 92 and a drain valve 93 for thesame.

The Valve 9| is subject to controlso that any desired portion or all ofthe liquid mixture may be re-circulated through the pump'for furthermixing or through idling periods.

It is apparent that, with valve HV closed, all.

the liquid will re-circulate through the by-pass and no new liquid willbe withdrawn from any of the tanks.

It also appears that all the intake valves for the separate tanks areremote from the re-circui lating path so that the valves remainunaffected by the re-circulating mixture.

We claim: I

1. In a double-acting pump, a cylinder, apis- Y ton reciprocatingtherein and forming two pump chambers therewith, separate intake valvesfor the two pump chambers and having valveless communication therewith,means for separately passing liquids through the intake valves tothe twopump chambers from diiferent sources,`v

pump, the said means being arranged to deliver the mixed liquid to therespective pump chambers without allowing the mixed liquids to come incontact with the intake valves.

2. In a double-acting pump, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating thereinand forming two pump chambers therewith, separate intake valves for thetwo pump chambers and being disposed relatively remote from the pumpchambers and having valveless communication therewith, means forseparately passing liquids through the intake valves to the two pumpchambers from different sources, means for mixing the liquids afterdelivery from the pump, and means operating under the delivery pressureof the pump for re-circulating a desired part of the mixed liquidsthrough the pump, the said means being arranged to deliver the mixedliquid to the respective pump chambers without allowing the mixedliquids to come in contact with the intake valves.

3. In a machine of the character described, a

tion of the pumped liquid may be by-passed .alternatelyAY to one-andthen the other of said housing, a piston reciprocable therein andforming two chambers therewith, each chamber alternating lwith the otherin successively forming a suction and a compression'chamber, intake and:deliVeiy valves` for each chamber, means for lfeeding-liquidato theintake valves, a conduit connected to the delivery valves and havingltwo branchjcondruitsfrone being a working conduit andthe other-branchconduit being connected to both chambers of the housing, whereby aporchambers under the pressure of the opposite chamber. Y

4. In a machine of the character described, a housing, a pistonreciprocable therein and forming two chambers therewith, eachchamberalternating with the other in successively forming a suction anda compression chamber, intake and delivery valves for; each chamber,means vfor "V feedingliquids to the intake valves, a conduit connectedtothe delivery valves and having two vbranch conduits, one being aworking conduit and Vthe other vbranch conduit being connected to bothchambers lof vthe hou'sing,` whereby .a portion of the pumped liquid maybe by-passed alternately to. one and then the other of said chambersund-er the pressure vofthe opposite chamber, anda pressure relief valvecontrolling the workingbranch of the conduit for `limiting the pressuretherein to a desired maximum and for diverting excess pressure into theby-pass conduit. c f

v5. In a machine of the character described, a

housing, a piston reciprocable therein and forming two chamberstherewith, each chamber alternating with the other in successivelyforming a suction and a compression chamber, intake and ,delivery valvesfor each chamber, means for feeding liquidsto the intake Valves, aconduit connected to the delivery valves and .having two branchconduits, one vbeing a working conduit and the other branch conduitbeing connected Vchambers under the pressure ofthe opposite chamber,`the leypass conduit having an-intake Valve fon each chamber subject tocontrolby 50 the. pressurev tl're1ein..l

. 6`. In awmachine/of Ithe character described, a /mixer comprising acylindrical housing having tangential inlets and an axial outlet, adoubleactinglfpump having two pump chambers,means for pumpingtwo liquidconstituents through the `two chambers in 'separate paths, and conduitconnectionsV between Vthe pump chambers land the tangential inlets ofA.the mixer whereby the liquid constituents are forced through the mixerin a swirling movement under the pressure of the pump and are dischargedtherefrom as a homogeneous mixture without any substantial loss ofpressure.

7. In a double-acting pump, a housing, a piston reciprocating thereinand dividing the same into two chambers forming alternately suction andcompression chambers respectively, an intake conduit for each chamberhaving an intake valve spaced from said chamber, a common fluid feed`for both of said conduits, a second conduit for each chamber andconnected thereto between its intake valve and the pump chamber, anintake valve in each second conduit spaced from its connection with therst conduit, means for feeding a iiuid through the second conduit,

'a'thfird conduit connected to each second conduit `between its intakevalve and' itsv point of connection to the rst conduit, an intakevalvefor each third conduit spaced from the second conduit, means forfeeding a iiuid through each third conduit, an outlet for each chamberhaving a delivery valve therein, a mixing device having the outletconduits connected thereto,a discharge conduit for the mixing devicehaving two branch conduits, one being a Working conduit and theYotherhaving by-pass conduits connected to the first intake conduitsrespectively between the -pump chambers, and the connections of thesecond intake conduits, an intake valve in each'bypass conduit spacedfrom its connection -to the 'first intake conduit, and a vpressurerelief valve `for controlling the pressure in the Working conduit.

8. In a double-acting pump, a housing, a piston reciprocating thereinand dividing the same into vtwo chambers forming alternately suction andcompression chambers respectively, an intake conduit for each chamberhaving an intake valve spaced from said chamber, a common fluid feed forboth of said conduits, a second conduit for each chamber and connectedthereto between its intake valve and the pump chamber, an intake valvein each second conduit spaced from its connection with the rst conduit,means for feeding a fluid through the second conduit, an outlet for eachchamber having a delivery valve therein, a mixing device having theoutlet conduits connected thereto, a discharge conduit for the mixingdevice having two branch conduits, one being a working conduit and theother having by-pass conduits connecting to the first in- -take conduitsrespectively between the pump chambers and the connections of the secondintake conduits, an intake valve in each by-pass conduit spaced from itsconnection to the rst intake conduit, and a pressure relief valve forcontrolling the pressure in the working conduit.

9. In a double-acting pump, a housing, a'piston reciprocating thereinand dividing the same into two chambers forming alternately suction andcompression chambers respectively, an intake conduit for each chamberhaving an intake valve spaced from said chambery a common fluid feed forboth of said conduits, a second conduit for each intake conduitandconnected thereto between the intake valve and the pump chamber, vanintake valve in each second yconduit spaced from its connection with thefirst conduit, means for feeding a fluid through each second conduit,and delivery valves for the pump chambers.

10. In a double-acting pump, a housing, a piston reciprocating thereinand dividing the same into two chambers forming alternately suction and`compression chambers respectively, an intake conduit for each chamberhaving an intake 'valve' spaced from said chamber, means for feeding afluid through both of said conduits, a delivery conduit for eachchamber, and a by-pass conduit between the delivery conduits and theApump chambers, the vby-pass connecting with the intake conduits andhaving an intake valve for each pump chamber,

1I. Ina double-acting pump, a housing, a pis- `ton reciprocable thereinand dividing the same into two chmabers forming alternately suction andcompression chambers respectively, jan intake conduit for each chamberhaving an intake valve spaced from said chamber, a common fluid feed forboth of said conduits, an outlet for each chamber having a deliveryvalve therein, a mixing device having the outlet conduits connectedthereto, a discharge conduit vfor the mixing'device having two branchconduits, one being a working conduit and the other having by-passconduits connected to the intake conduits respectively between the Apumpchambers and their intake valves, an intake valve in each by-passconduit, and a pressure relief valve 'for controlling the pressure inthe Working conduit. v 12. In a double-acting pump, a housing, a pisvtonreciprocable therein and dividing` the same into two chambers formingalternately suction and compression chambers respectively, an intakeconduit .for each chamber having an intake valve, a fluid feed for eachconduit, an outlet conduit for each chamber having a delivery valvetherein, a common discharge conduit having connection with both of saiddelivery valves and having two branch conduits, one being a workingconduit and the other having by-pass conduits connected to the intakeconduits respectively, and a pressure relief valve for controlling thepressure in the working coduit.

I3. In a double-acting pump, a housing, a piston reciprocable thereinand dividing the same intotwo chambers forming alternately suction andcompression chambers respectively, an intake conduit for each chamberhaving anintake valve, a Vfluid feed for each conduit, an outlet conduitfor each chamber having a delivery valve therein, a common dischargeconduit having conn Vnection with both of said delivery valves andhaving two branchfconduits, one being a working conduit and the otherhaving by-pass conduits `connected to the intake conduits respectively,.a

